Stavropol region. An old-geographic area in the Russian Federation located in the central part out-of Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban Lake (and Kuban part) with the west, the newest Terek region into the the southern area of, the fresh Wear area towards the north, the newest Kalmyk Autonomous Republic into northeast, while the places of Caucasian slope individuals to the south and you will southwestern. The newest Stavropol region essentially corresponds for the area into previous Stavropol gubernia (in 18611920 edge, 59,five-hundred sq kilometer) plus the later on Stavropol krai, shorter the fresh new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,five-hundred sq kilometer).

Bodily geography. The top part of the Stavropol part are filled by the Stavropol Upland; the newest minor portion has actually parts of the new Caspian Lowland in the east, the new Kuma-Manych Despair throughout the northern, and also the foothills of one’s Caucasus Mountains on southwestern. The newest environment of Stavropol area try transitional, regarding moderate continental about west to dryer and more continental throughout the eastern. The bigger of these include the Yegorlyk (hence circulates into the Manych), the newest Kalaus, the brand new Kuma, additionally the Kuban as well as top tributaries, the brand new Velykyi Zelenchuk additionally the Malyi Zelenchuk (see Zelenchuk rivers). River-water is employed getting irrigation. Brief, mostly saline lakes abound; the largest is the thin however, 160-km-much time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).

But the centrally located Stavropol part stayed sparsely inhabited by the nomadic Nogay Tatars (good Turkic-speaking anyone) and you may Kalmyk some one (an effective Mongol-talking class), who to one another designated about 80,000

The new earth about western and you will main an element of the Stavropol region are various chernozems and you can chestnut soils; on the eastern and you can northeast it be light chestnut. Brand new sheer vegetation plus changes eastward having declining humidity, from meadow fescuefeather turf steppe to help you dry fescuefeather grass steppe immediately after which semidesert flowers off wormwood, dead fescue, and you may feather lawn. From the a whole lot more moist an element of the Stavropol Upland along with the fresh new Caucasus mountain tops brand new pure vegetation is forest-steppe having oak-hornbeam-beech forest. Today both the steppe therefore the tree-steppe are practically completely removed getting agriculture.

History. Throughout the middle-16th century the fresh new Caucasus as well as the Stavropol part began to started into the exposure to Muscovite colonization. Throughout the 16th and you can 17th ages Subcaucasia experienced the newest roots out of Cossack colonization (the brand new Wear Cossacks on the west therefore the Terek Cossacks in this new east). Caucasian mountain peoples, new Karachai together with Cherkess, stayed in the hills of one’s part.

At the beginning of this new eighteenth century new Stavropol part nominally turned into area of the Russian Kingdom. Permanent settlements, although not, were not oriented up until the past quarter of century, when, when you look at the 177780, the fresh new Russian authorities founded a line of forts, the Mozdok-Azov range, having head office on Stavropol, to help you support the Caucasian mountain peoples. Of the 1785 this new Stavropol area formed section of Caucasus oblast, that was redesignated good gubernia within the 1802. Pursuing the numerous label change it had been designated once the Stavropol gubernia in the 1847. Their borders have been in the end fixed from inside the 1861, if this are split out-of Terek oblast. Compared to Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (since the 1898) wasn’t section of Caucasus krai.

Till the 1930s the latest Stavropol region try paid by the one another Ukrainians and you will Russians, and you may constituted part of contiguous, albeit combined, Ukrainian ethnographic region

The brand new Russian regulators promoted the latest quick colonization of your own Stavropol part to establish a base to possess armed forces strategies on the Caucasus. Part of you to aim try accomplished by the granting of choice tracts off homes to Russian noblemen, just who settled these with the serfs. A extreme cause of colonization, not, is the fresh new impulsive payment because of the county peasants who had been unimpeded of the the brand new central bodies. In fact the fresh new purple authorities legalized extant claims with the ukase away from 1804 and you can offered service to people who’d paid inside the fresh Stavropol part. Towards the end of the 1850s the populace out-of Stavropol gubernia got increased to 340,000 (5.5 individuals for each sq km). Their simply area, Stavropol, grew from around step 3,000 residents into the 1800 to 17,600 owners within the 1853. The essential heavily paid portion was indeed the fresh new steppes within Yegorlyk while the Kalaus streams in addition to Kalaus River valley. The population out-of Stavropol gubernia (along with Terek oblast) into the 1853 consisted of 48.eight per cent Cossacks, thirty two percent county peasants, 16.2 % nomadic herders, and you will 3.1 percent serfs and others.